Journal of Kidney Cancer and VHL
https://jkcvhl.com/index.php/jkcvhl
<p>Journal of Kidney Cancer and VHL (ISSN: 2203-5826) is indexed in <strong>PubMed</strong>, Emerging Sources Citation Index of <strong>Web of Science (ESCI)</strong>, and the Directory of Open Access Journals (<strong>DOAJ</strong>). Journal is dedicated for the dissemination of research findings in kidney cancer and VHL.</p> <p>Journal of Kidney Cancer and VHL - <strong>2022 -Impact Factor - 1.6</strong></p>Codon PublicationsenJournal of Kidney Cancer and VHL2203-5826A Rare Site of Metachronous Metastases from Renal Cell Carcinoma
https://jkcvhl.com/index.php/jkcvhl/article/view/282
<p>Secondary metastatic involvement of the testis is a rare occurrence, particularly in cases of metastasis from renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We present a case of metachronous contralateral testicular metastasis from RCC in a 55-year-old man, occurring 2 years after radical nephrectomy. Following a thorough evaluation that ruled out systemic disease, the patient underwent a Chevassu procedure and right inguinal orchidectomy. Histopathological analysis confirmed metastatic involvement of the right testis by RCC. Metastasis to the testis from RCC is uncommon, with only a few cases reported in the literature. Isolated metachronous metastasis without systemic involvement is even rarer. This case highlights the importance of considering testicular metastasis in patients with a history of RCC, emphasizing the need for comprehensive evaluation and surgical resection when feasible, as it has been associated with prolonged survival.</p>
Kidney Cancer: Case Reportsrenal cell carcinomatestismetastasisnephrectomyorchidectomyMadhuri NutakkiKanchan. V. MurhekarShirley SundersinghAnand Raja
Copyright (c) 2024 Anand Raja, Madhuri.N, kanachan.V.Murhekar, Shirley.sundersingh
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2024-01-052024-01-051410.15586/jkcvhl.v11i1.282Robotic Radical Nephrectomy with Vena Cava Thrombus Extraction (RRN-VCTE) for Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis of Surgical Technique and Outcomes
https://jkcvhl.com/index.php/jkcvhl/article/view/288
<p>Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with vena cava tumor thrombus is a challenging condition, which requires complex surgical management. Robotic radical nephrectomy with vena cava thrombus extraction (RRN-VCTE) has emerged as a promising and minimally invasive technique. This meta-analysis aims to review the surgical technique and outcomes of RRN-VCTE in patients with RCC and vena cava tumor thrombus. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Studies published in English till October 2021 were included. Keywords used for the search included “robotic radical nephrectomy,” “vena cava tumor thrombus,” “surgical technique,” and “outcomes.” Studies that reported on patient outcomes and surgical techniques of RRN-VCTE were included. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the pooled outcomes. The meta-analysis included 16 studies comprising 298 patients who underwent RRN-VCTE. The majority of patients were males (62.4%) with a median age of 58.9 years. The median tumor size was 7.2 cm, and 93.9% of patients had level 3 or 4 vena cava thrombus. The mean operating time was 328 min, with a range of 248–423 min. Blood loss ranged from 100 to 1500 mL. The overall complication rate was 26.5%, with no reported deaths. The average hospital stay was 9.5 days. The 2-year and 5-year survival rates were 77.5 and 53.1%, respectively. RRN-VCTE is a promising and minimally invasive surgical technique for RCC with vena cava tumor thrombus, whch is associated with low complication rates and acceptable oncological outcomes. Further research is needed to confirm the long-term survival rates and compare RRN-VCTE outcomes with conventional surgical techniques. Nonetheless, RRN-VCTE appears to be a valuable option for patients with RCC and vena cava tumor thrombus.</p>
Kidney Cancer: Review Articlesoutcomesrenal cell carcinomarobotic radical nephrectomysurgical techniquevena cava tumor thrombusDanilo CocoSilvana Leanza
Copyright (c) 2024 Danilo Coco, Silvana Leanza
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2024-01-052024-01-0551110.15586/jkcvhl.v11i1.288VHL-dependence of EHHADH Expression in a Human Renal Cell Carcinoma Cell Line
https://jkcvhl.com/index.php/jkcvhl/article/view/322
<p>The von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene (<em>VHL</em>) is mutated in up to 90% of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) cases, thus playing a key role in ccRCC pathogenesis. ccRCC can be classified as a metabolic disease in which alterations in fatty acid metabolism facilitate cancer cell proliferation. Enoyl-CoA hydratase and 3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (EHHADH) is an enzyme involved in peroxisomal fatty acid degradation. It is primarily expressed in renal proximal tubule cells, presumably the origin of ccRCC. Although <em>EHHADH</em> is still a relatively unexplored gene, it is known to be differentially expressed in several tumors. In this study, analysis of several databases revealed that EHHADH expression is downregulated in ccRCC samples compared to healthy kidney samples. Moreover, cell culture experiments were performed to investigate the relationship between EHHADH and VHL at the gene and protein level. qPCR and Western blot analyses using the human ccRCC cell line RCC4 revealed that EHHADH is expressed in a <em>VHL-</em>dependent manner. RCC4 cells reconstituted with <em>VHL</em> show significantly higher EHHADH mRNA and protein levels than <em>VHL</em>-deficient RCC4 control cells. These results indicate that the downregulation of EHHADH in ccRCC reported may be due to the loss of <em>VHL</em> function. This study is the first to molecularly characterize EHHADH, a key enzyme in peroxisomal ß-oxidation, in relation to <em>VHL</em>, suggesting a potential pathogenic interaction that is worthy of further investigation.</p>
Short CommunicationccRCCEHHADHfatty acid metabolismRCC4VHLJulia Felicitas PilzMarinella KleinElke Neumann-HaefelinAthina Ganner
Copyright (c) 2024 Julia Felicitas Pilz, Marinella Klein, Elke Neumann-Haefelin, Athina Ganner
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2024-01-292024-01-29121810.15586/jkcvhl.v11i1.322A Narrative Review of Pheochromocytoma in VHL
https://jkcvhl.com/index.php/jkcvhl/article/view/275
<p>This systematic review aims to investigate the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and management strategies for pheochromocytoma in patients with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease, an autosomal dominant disorder that predisposes individuals to the development of various tumors, including pheochromocytomas. Pheochromocytoma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor of the adrenal medulla that occurs sporadically or as part of an inherited syndrome. The incidence of pheochromocytoma in VHL patients is estimated to be between 10–20%, making it the second most common tumor associated with VHL. Early detection and management of pheochromocytoma in VHL patients are critical for patient outcomes, as these tumors can cause severe hypertension, cardiovascular complications, and death. This review highlights the importance of screening for pheochromocytoma in VHL patients and discusses the current diagnostic and management strategies to optimize patient care.</p>
Narrative ReviewVon Hippel-LindauPheochromocytomaGenetic predispositionBiochemical diagnosisDanilo CocoSilvana Leanza
Copyright (c) 2024 Danilo Coco, Silvana Leanza
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2024-02-072024-02-07192310.15586/jkcvhl.v11i1.275Impact of Palliative Care Utilization among Kidney Cancer Patients in US Hospitals: A National-Scale Analysis
https://jkcvhl.com/index.php/jkcvhl/article/view/314
<p>The objective of this study was to examine the characteristics and utilization patterns of palliative care among the kidney cancer patients using a large-scale representative population-based sample. We retrospectively analyzed National Inpatient Sample hospitalization data from January 2020 to December 2020 to explore disparities in delivering palliative care to deceased kidney cancer patients and assess its impact on healthcare usage, focusing on hospital costs and length of stay (LoS). We used ICD-10 CM codes (International Classification of Diseases-classifying diagnoses and reasons for visits in all healthcare settings) to categorize the study population. We conducted univariable and multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses to calculate coefficients and odds ratios, considering relevant variables and addressing potential confounding factors. We studied 1437 deceased kidney cancer patients, with 53.9% receiving palliative care. Those receiving palliative care had lower total costs ($99,804 vs. $1,34,731) and a shorter LoS (7.19 days vs. 7.66 days), compared to those who didn’t. No significant difference was discovered in LoS. Private insurance, higher income, and female patients were more likely to receive palliative care. Race, hospital teaching status, and hospital size showed no significant differences. This study revealed insights into palliative care use among deceased kidney cancer patients, with cost-saving benefits evident. Disparities showed that individuals with private insurance and higher income more likely accessed palliative care, and females received it more often than males. Physicians and policymakers must consider these findings for equitable resource allocation and improved access.</p>
Kidney Cancer: Original Articlesdisparitieskidney cancerlength of staypalliative caretotal costsRushin PatelMrunal PatelDarshil PatelChieh YangAfoma OnyechiJessica Ohemeng-DapaahZalak PatelSafia Shaikh
Copyright (c) 2024 Rushin Patel, Mrunal Patel, Darshil Patel, Chieh Yang, Afoma Onyechi, Jessica Ohemeng-Dapaah, Zalak Patel, Safia Shaikh
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2024-02-202024-02-20243210.15586/jkcvhl.v11i1.314Inoperable Renal Malignant Glomus Tumor, the answers for all the “W’s”?
https://jkcvhl.com/index.php/jkcvhl/article/view/298
<p>Glomus tumor, arising from glomus bodies (specialized neurovascular structures involved in thermoregulation), commonly occurs in extremities and rarely in viscera. The spectrum of glomus tumors range from benign tumors to tumors with uncertain malignant potential to tumors of the malignant subtype. A vast majority of visceral glomus tumors are benign. Most common visceral tumors arise in the gastrointestinal tract. Glomus tumors of the kidney are a rare entity of which malignant glomus tumors are exceedingly rare. The index patients in the existing case reports were middle-aged males. We report our experience with malignant glomus tumor of the left kidney in a 60-year-old female, with computed tomography (CT) showing involvement of renal vein and inferior vena cava (IVC). Percutaneous biopsy was performed as imaging did not conform to the appearance of a conventional renal tumor and was reported as malignant glomus tumor after immunohistochemistry. After informed decision, the patient and family elected to proceed with surgery. However, intraoperatively, the left renal mass was found to infiltrate the pancreas, duodenum, aorta, and root of the colonic mesentery due to which surgery was aborted. Biopsy obtained intraoperatively again confirmed diagnosis of left renal malignant glomus tumor. She had an uneventful postoperative recovery. Options of treatment were reviewed by a multidisciplinary board. In light of no proven benefit for systemic therapy, she was referred for supportive care. She was under follow-up and she expired after 7 months due to progressive disease. Our literature review focuses on the clinicopathologic features and the current standard of management of malignant renal glomus tumors.</p>
Kidney Cancer: Original ArticlesGlomus tumorKidneyGlomangiosarcomaNephrectomypericytic tumorPushkala SurianarayananArun Ramdas MenonShriley SundersinghAnand Raja
Copyright (c) 2024 Pushkala Surianarayanan, Arun Ramdas Menon, Shirley Sundersingh, Anand Raja
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2024-03-012024-03-01334010.15586/jkcvhl.v11i1.298The Survival Outcomes of the Metastatic Nonclear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma in the Immunotherapy Era: Princess Margaret Cancer Centre Experience
https://jkcvhl.com/index.php/jkcvhl/article/view/307
<p>Immunotherapy (IO) with or without targeted therapy (TT) is the standard treatment for patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The evidence supporting their use in metastatic nonclear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC) subtypes is based on small prospective trials and retrospective analyses. Here, we report survival outcomes for patients with metastatic nccRCC treated with IO and/or TT at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada. Demographics, disease characteristics, and survival outcomes were collected retrospectively. Overall (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and objective response rates (ORR) were calculated. We identified 69 patients with metastatic nccRCC treated with IO and/or TT as the first-line treatment, and 36 (52.1%) patients as the second-line treatment. Median OS of the first line IO recipients (n = 12) and non-IO recipients (n = 57) was not reached (NR) and 17.2 months (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 7.3–27.0; P = 0.23), respectively. Median PFS of first-line IO recipients and non-IO recipients was NR and 4.7 months (95% CI: 3.7–5.6; P = 0.019), respectively. The ORR of IO recipients versus non-IO recipients was 50% versus 12.3% (P = 0.007). Median OS of the second-line IO recipients (n = 8) and non-IO recipients (n = 28) was NR and 6.3 months (95% CI: 3.2–9.3; P = 0.003), respectively. Median PFS of second-line IO recipients and non-IO recipients was 4.8 months (95% CI: 2.7–6.8) and 2.8 months (95% CI: 1.8–3.7; P = 0.014), respectively. ORR of IO recipients and non-IO recipients was 37.5% and 3.5%, respectively; P = 0.028. While the number of patients included in our retrospective review was small, our analysis suggested that patients with nccRCC have improved survival outcomes with IO treatment. Validation of prospective dataset is required before widespread clinical utilization.</p>
Kidney Cancer: Original Articlesimmunotherapykidney cancernonclear cellsurvival outcomestargeted therapyEsmail Al-EzziAbhenil MittalZachary W. VeitchAmer ZahralliyaliNely Mercy Diaz MejiaOsama AbdeljalilHusam AlqaisiVikaash KumarAaron R. HansenNazanin Fallah-RadSrikala S. Sridhar
Copyright (c) 2024 Esmail Al-Ezzi, Abhenil Mittal, Zachary W Veitch, Amer Zahralliyali, Nely Mercy Diaz Mejia, Osama Abdeljalil, Husam Alqaisi, Vikaash Kumar, Aaron R Hansen, Nazanin Fallah-rad, Srikala S Sridhar
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2024-03-022024-03-02414810.15586/jkcvhl.v11i1.307Detection of Testicular Metastasis from Renal Cell Carcinoma on PSMA-PET Scan
https://jkcvhl.com/index.php/jkcvhl/article/view/268
<p>The use of prostate-specific membrane antigen–positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET) is becoming more widespread for the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer. Here we report a case of oligometastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) to the testes diagnosed incidentally on PSMA-PET imaging. This case demonstrates the potential for diagnosis of nonprostate disease with PSMA-PET imaging, as well as the promising nature of PSMA-PET for the diagnosis and surveillance of RCC. In addition, this case report discusses the rare occurrence of oligometastatic RCC to the testis.</p>
Kidney Cancer: Case ReportsPET imagingRCCprostate cancerTheresa OlmsteadMichael EmmerlingSurekha BantumilliMathew RaynorMatthew E. NielsenMarc A. BjurlinTracy L. Rose
Copyright (c) 2024 Theresa Olmstead, Michael Emmerling, Surekha Bantumilli, Mathew Raynor, Matthew E. Nielsen, Marc A. Bjurlin, Tracy L. Rose
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2024-03-052024-03-05495310.15586/jkcvhl.v11i1.268